在国际贸易中, 进口人和出口人都不愿意把货或钱先交给对方, 为了解决这一矛盾, 避免风险, 就出现了信用证付款的信用方式, 即信用证(Letter of Credit, 简称L/C )。信用证支付方式是目前国际贸易中最主要的付款方式, 我国目前近百分之七十的进出口货物都是靠信用证结汇完成的。在对信用证的实际操作中, 业务员由于专业及英语水平层次不一,对信用证特别条款理解不深或理解错误, 给企业或所在单位造成不应有的损失的事情时有发生。

前些年的外贸公司都有一个储运部或报运部, 这个部门的负责人还肩负着审核信用证各项条款的重任, 从这个环节上就可看出审核信用证的重要性。信用证实际上是任何一个外贸企业对外贸易最核心的环节! 操作不好, 很容易陷入被动和风险当中。现在, 民营企业、私企对外贸易逐年扩大, 许多单位把储运或报运部给撤了, 只剩下业务员一个人审证;信用证的操作风险也随之加大。不熟练掌握信用证的基本功, 没有较好的英语水平, 是无法适应我国高速发展的外贸经济的。信用证的内容一般来说较为复杂, 长句子多, 涉及到金融、保险、商检、报运、银行等多项专业知识。信用证的审核既需要英语水平, 还需要多年积累的经验。一家外贸企业年薪十万招聘资深的信用证审证人。由此可见, 单证审核是一项专门技术。

本文将对信用证条款中的一些关键英文词语做必要的翻译和分析, 也一并求教于各位专家、同行和外贸工作者。

一. against 在L/C 中的高频率出现及正确理解。

我们常见的against 是介词, 通常意为“反对”( indicating opposit ion) , 例如:

    Public opinion was against the Bill. 舆论反对此法案。

    The resolution was adopted by a vote of 30 in favour to 4 against it. 议以30 票同意、4 票反对获得通过。

另外还有“用. . . 交换, 用. . . 兑付”之意。如:“the rates against U. S. dollars”中的against 就是指美元兑换率。但在信用证中常出现的against 这个词及词义却另有所指, 一般词典无其释义及相关用法。注意以下两个出现在信用证句中的against 之意, 其意思是凭. . . ”“以. . . ”(“take as the basis ” or meaning of “by”)。而不是“以. . . 为背景”“反对”“对照”“兑换”或其他什么意思。

    1. This credit valid until September 17, 2001 in Switzerland for payment available against the presentation of following documents. . . 本信用证在2001年9月17日

在瑞土到期前, 凭提交以下单据付款. . . . . .

    2. Documenst bearing discrepancies must no t be negotiated against guarantee and reserve. 含有不符点的单据凭保函或在保留下不能议付。

    3. The payment is availble at sight against the following documents. 凭下列单据即期付款。

这里的against 都是“凭. . . 为条件, 以. . . 为前提”( in return for sth. or on condition that) 之意。支付方式中的两个贸易术语“D/A (承兑交单) ”、“D/P (付款交单) ”, 展开后为“Documents against acceptance” “Documents against payment”; 其against 的意思都是“凭承兑单据而交单”“凭付款而交单”之意。以下这句话就是理解上发生错误所致:

    The consignment is handed over for disposal against payment by the buyer.

误译: 货物交由买方处置——不用付款。

正译: 货物凭买方付款后, 方可移交其处置。

注意以下这样的句子, 不可译错:

    We cleaned the room against your coming. 我们把房间打扫干净, 等候您的光临。

二. subject to 在同一份信用证中有两种意思, 此概念在审证时必须把握清楚。

    This documentary credit is subject to the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (1993 Revision) International Chember of Commerce (publicati on No. 500).

本信用证受《跟单信用证统一惯例》国际商会第500 号出版物(1993 年修订本) 管辖(或约束)。

本句话中的subject to 在证中意为“受. . . 约束, 受. . . 管制”。此条款一般在来证的上方或页面的空白处载明, 表明其适用的范围和承担的义务。类似的含义如:

    We are subject to the law of the land. 我们受当地法律约束。

以上是一种意思。而同时, 它出现在证内其他一些条款中, 又是何意? 请看下面这个条款。

    The certificate of inspect ion would be issued and signed by authorized applicant of L/C before shipment of cargo, whose signature is subject to our final confirmation. 发货前由开证申请人授权开立并签署的检验证书, 其签字须待我方最终确认。

这是一条软条款( the soft clause) , 意在发生对进口人不利的情况时, 限制这份信用证的实际生效, 做出了对我方出口人极其不利的设限, 使其从收到信用证的第一天起就处在被动之中。你的货备好之后, 进口人随时都可以以检验不合格等借口不履行付款责任或乘机压价。这里的subject to 意为“有待于, 须经. . . 的, 以. . . 为条件”(conditionally upon)之意。这样的限制性条款往往又出现在信用证的最下端或和其他条款混在一起, 用词讲究, 很容易被忽略; 或即使被看到了, 审证人一扫而过, 没有要求对方改证, 最后给企业造成损失。搞国际贸易的人除了要具备良好的英语审证能力外, 还须养成对每一项条款都仔细阅读的好习惯。同一种含义的句子还会出现在证内其他所要求的单据条款中:This Proforma Invoice is subject to our last approval.　本形式发票有待我方最后同意。

三. draw 在信用证中的释义及正确的翻译。

首先要对draw 这个词以及它的派生词准确理解, 之后明白其动词和其过去分词的意义。这个词的词义和用法非常多, 在此不一一赘述。我们现在看看它在信用证中的含义。

    drawer 意为“出票人”, 一般指的就是信用证的受益人。
drawee 意为“付款人”, 信用证的开证人。drawn clause 意为“出票条款”, 即信用证、商业汇票中的一些特别条款。

需要特别提醒的是, 一些外贸业务员常常混淆了这两个词的不同意思, 在信用证要求的汇票缮制中错打, 造成单证不符点。在以下的两个句子中请注意分词形式的drawn 的意思。

    We hereby establish this Irrevocable Credit which is available against beneficiary’s drafts drawn in duplicate on applicant at 30 days sight free of interest for 100% of invoice value. Document against acceptance. 我方兹开立不可撤消信用证, 本证凭受益人开给申请人的30 天一式两份汇票付款, 不计利息, 承兑交单。

此句中drawn 为“开给”“向. . . 开立的”之意。(established or written out to such as draft/B ill/cheque, etc) 信用证中, 开给xxx 汇票的“开给”, 英语常用draw n 和valued, 有时也用issued。用draw n 这个词时, 后面常跟的是介词on 如:

    Drawn on Bank of China, Head Office. 开给中国银行总行。

    The beneficiary's drafts drawing at 120 days after sight are to be paid in face value as drawn at sight basis, discounting charges, accountance commissions and usance interest are for account of the accountee. 受益人开立的120天远期汇票, 按票面金额即期付款, 银行贴现费用、佣金和远期利息由付款人负担。

此外, 还要注意drawn on 后面跟的三个人称复数词, 当后面跟的是第一人称us, ourselves 时, 它指的就是开证行。而若是跟了you, yourselves, 指的是通知行。如果是them; themselves, 指的是买方既进口商。审证时应该特别仔细, 以防出错。

四. negotiate 和honor 在信用证中都有付款的含义, 但其确切的含义并不相同。

    negotiate 在外贸业务中的含义是“议付”, 既get or give money for (checks, bonds, etc. ) 之意。请看以下句子。

    At the time of negotiation, 5% commission to be deducted from invoice value and should be remitted by the negotiating bank in the form of a bank draft in favour of Cima Co. 议付到期时, 将按发票金额扣除百分之五的佣金, 该扣除金额须由议付行以银行汇票形式开给西马公司。

    negotiable 这个形容词, 指代的又是具有物权凭证的议付单据, 意为“可议付的, 可流通的, 可兑现的”, 如: negotiable documents“议付单据”, 包括汇票、发票、提单等正本。 而non-negotiable documents 是指“非议付单据”, 即提单、保单一类的副本单据, 而不是结汇单据。

    honor 之意是“兑现”、“承付”, accep t and pay“如期支付, 承兑”, hono r a bill (cheque, draft, etc. ) “兑现票据(支票, 汇票, 信用证; 托收) ”。

而外贸实务当中的acceptance 指的是“承兑, 认付”; 即买方在见到汇票时答应并签字确认, 待到汇票到期后一定付款, (accept/promise to pay on due date by signing the draft)而不是马上付款!

    This L/C will be duly honored only if the seller submits whole set of documents that all terms and requirements under L/C No. 45675 have been complied with. 只有出口人提供与信用证No. 45675号项下相符的全套单据, 本行才予承付。(意即付款)

五. unless otherwise expressed 在信用证中的含义。

    unless otherwise st ipulateded 经常出现在信用证的特别条款中, 语气带有命令和强制色彩, 意思是“除非本信用证另有规定”。这样的句子也马虎不得。

    Unless otherwise stipulateded herein, any charges and commissions in respect to negotiation of drafts under this credit prior to presentation to us to be collected from beneficiary. 除非信用证在此另有规定, 开证行见到银行提示前__的任何议付费用和其他费用都向受益人收取。

本句猛一看, 的确不大好翻译和理解; 这就需要先对句子里出现的较难的词做“手术”。

第一, in respect to 这个短语与“尊重、关心”毫无关联。它的意思是“关于”“就. . . 方面”(w ith regard to)。

第二, 掌握prior to 之意, 意为“在. . . 之前”即previous to or before 之意。

第三, 搞清presentat ion 的意义, 词根present 的意思非常之多, 在本条款中的意思是“提示, 银行提示”。

第四, 出现在句中的collect 并不是“收集”, 而是“收款,收帐”。美国人常用的一种电话是a collect telephone call 即向受话者收费的电话。明白了这几个词的意思后, 再把整句话连起来就可破解疑难句。最后来看unless otherwise stipulated 这个说法, 实际上它已经成了一个固定的句式, 有时还可以看到与它类似的变形, 比如unless otherwise expressed, 或者是except otherwise stated, 还有较为复杂一点的如so far as otherwise expressly stated. . . 等等, 它们都是“除非另有规定”之意。

六. bona fide holders 和act of God 的翻译。

    bona fide holders 实际指的是外贸业务中汇票或提单等票据的合法持有者, 它的意思是“善意持有人”。即议付单据的持有者或受让人。bone fide 本是个拉丁语词, 意思是“真真的, 真诚的”。

    This documentary credit is available for negotiation to pay without specific restriction to drawers or bone fide holders. 本跟单信用证对出票人或善意持票人不限制议付。

教学过程当中, 有人也问什么叫act of God, 教师道:“不就是上帝的行为呗! ”上帝的行为是什么行为呀? 现在的学生比较懒, 字典上就有, 他还是懒得查。这个词语指的就是“不可抗力”, 你说force majeure时, 都知道那是“不可抗力”; 可字典里反倒没有收force majeure 这么个词条来!

七. Other than 是什么意思?

请注意信用证中的这么一句话:

    We will also accept a transport document issued by a courier or expedited delivery service evidencing that courier charges fire for the account of a party other than the consignee. 我方也将接受专递或快递机构出具的注明由收货人以外的一方承担的运费单据。

对付这种句子, 仍然用我们前面提到的做“手术”的方法, 分段治之。这个句子的主干部分无非是We will also accept a transport document, 即“银行将接受运费单据”, 此其一; 后面跟了一句做定语用的issued by. . . 过去分词结构, 修饰先行词document, 意即由谁来出具单据, 此其二。第三, evidencing that. . . 仍然是定语成分, 修饰前面的document; document 和evidence 之间, 有着逻辑上的主谓关系, 因此只能用现在分词evidencing。现在, 句子的主干也就清楚了, 即银行将接受注明由xxx 承担费用的单据。最后再来看这个other than 是什么意思, 该怎么理解。other than 意为“除了,不同于, 非”, 是一个否定成分(except or meaning of not)。例如:

    All parts of the house other than the windows were in good condition. (except that. . . ) 除了窗子外, 屋子的其他部分都很好。

    The truth is quite other than what you think. 事实真象同你想的完全不同。

    I borrowed some book s o ther than novels. 我借了几本书, 都不是小说。

由于同other than 这个词连用的词语很多, 如more than, less than, rather than, no other than 等等; 其意不尽相同。出现在以上这个句中的other than 之意就不可错译。

而在实际教学中, 当把这类句子交给学生翻译时, 就有相当一部分人把other than 译错, 有人刚好理解错误, 译成由收货人承担运费!

信用证的审证是一项专业加细致认真的专门业务, 只要不断学习和总结经验, 就能提高自己的业务能力。对于证内出现的其他一些难句难词, 将另述。

o 标签：信用证 信用证英语 信用证条款

o 信息来源: 浙江大学宁波理工学院外语系

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· 信用证类别Kinds of L/C

    1.revocable L/C/irrevocable L/C 可撤销信用证/不可撤销信用证

    2.confirmed L/C/unconfirmed L/C 保兑信用证/不保兑信用证

    3.sight L/C/usance L/C 即期信用证/远期信用证

    4.transferable/untransferable L/C 可转让信用证/不可转让信用证

    5.divisible L/C/undivisible L/C 可分割信用证/不可分割信用证

    6.revolving L/C 循环信用证

    7.L/C with T/T reimbursement clause 带电汇条款信用证

    8.without recourse L/C/with recourse L/C 无追索权信用证/有追索权信用证

    9.documentary L/C/clean L/C 跟单信用证/光票信用证

    10.deferred payment L/C/anticipatory L/C 延付信用证/预支信用证

    11.back to back L/Creciprocal L/C 对背信用证/对开信用证

    12.standby L/C 备用信用证

· 信用证英语－信用证种类

    ----Kinds of L/C

    1. revocable L/C/irrevocable L/C 可撤销信用证/不可撤销信用证

    2.confirmed L/C/unconfirmed L/C 保兑信用证/不保兑信用证

    3.sight L/C/usance L/C 即期信用证/远期信用证

    4.transferable L/C(or)assignable L/C(or)transmissible L/C /untransferable L/C 可转让信用证/不可转让信用证

    5.divisible L/C/undivisible L/C 可分割信用证/不可分割信用证

    6.revolving L/C 循环信用证

    7.L/C with T/T reimbursement clause 带电汇条款信用证

    8.without recourse L/C/with recourse L/C 无追索权信用证/有追索权信用证

    9.documentary L/C/clean L/C 跟单信用证/光票信用证

    10.deferred payment L/C/anticipatory L/C 延付信用证/预支信用证

    11.back to back L/Creciprocal L/C 对背信用证/对开信用证

    12.traveller's L/C(or:circular L/C) 旅行信用证

信用证有关各方名称

    ----Names of Parties Concerned

    1. opener 开证人

    (1)applicant 开证人（申请开证人）

    (2)principal 开证人（委托开证人）

    (3)accountee 开证人

    (4)accreditor 开证人（委托开证人）

    (5)opener 开证人

    (6)for account of Messrs 付（某人）帐

    (7)at the request of Messrs 应（某人）请求

    (8)on behalf of Messrs 代表某人

    (9)by order of Messrs 奉（某人）之命

    (10)by order of and for account of Messrs 奉（某人）之命并付其帐户

    (11)at the request of and for account of Messrs 应（某人）得要求并付其帐户

    (12)in accordance with instruction received from accreditors 根据已收到得委托开证人得指示

    2.beneficiary 受益人 (1)beneficiary 受益人 (2)in favour of 以（某人）为受益人

    (3)in one's favour 以……为受益人 (4)favouring yourselves 以你本人为受益人

    3.drawee 付款人（或称受票人，指汇票） (1)to drawn on (or :upon) 以（某人）为付款人

    (2)to value on 以（某人）为付款人 (3)to issued on 以（某人）为付款人

    4.drawer 出票人

    5.advising bank 通知行 (1)advising bank 通知行 (2)the notifying bank 通知行 (3)advised through…bank 通过……银行通知(4)advised by airmail/cable through…bank 通过……银行航空信/电通知

    6.opening bank 开证行

    (1)opening bank 开证行 (2)issuing bank 开证行 (3)establishing bank 开证行

    7.negotiation bank 议付行

    (1)negotiating bank 议付行(2)negotiation bank 议付行

    8.paying bank 付款行

    9.reimbursing bank 偿付行

    10.the confirming bank 保兑行

Amount of the L/C 信用证金额

    1. amount RMB￥… 金额：人民币

    2.up to an aggregate amount of Hongkong Dollars… 累计金额最高为港币……

    3.for a sum (or :sums) not exceeding a total of GBP… 总金额不得超过英镑……

    4.to the extent of HKD… 总金额为港币……

    5.for the amount of USD… 金额为美元……

    6.for an amount not exceeding total of JPY… 金额的总数不得超过……日元的限度

    ----- The Stipulations for the shipping Documents

    1. available against surrender of the following documents bearing our credit number and the full name and address of the opener 凭交出下列注名本证号码和开证人的全称及地址的单据付款

    2.drafts to be accompanied by the documents marked(×)below 汇票须随附下列注有（×）的单据

    3.accompanied against to documents hereinafter 随附下列单据

    4.accompanied by following documents 随附下列单据

    5.documents required 单据要求

    6.accompanied by the following documents marked(×)in duplicate 随附下列注有（×）的单据一式两份

    7.drafts are to be accompanied by… 汇票要随附（指单据）……

    ----Draft(Bill of Exchange)

    1.the kinds of drafts 汇票种类

    (1)available by drafts at sight 凭即期汇票付款

    (2)draft(s) to be drawn at 30 days sight 开立30天的期票

    (3)sight drafs 即期汇票

    (4)time drafts 远期汇票

    2.drawn clauses 出票条款（注：即出具汇票的法律依据）

    (1)all darfts drawn under this credit must contain the clause “Drafts drawn Under Bank of…credit No.…dated…” 本证项下开具的汇票须注明“本汇票系凭……银行……年……月……日第…号信用证下开具”的条款

    (2)drafts are to be drawn in duplicate to our order bearing the clause “Drawn under United Malayan Banking Corp.Bhd.Irrevocable Letter of Credit No.…dated July 12, 1978” 汇票一式两份，以我行为抬头，并注明“根据马来西亚联合银行1978年7月12日第……号不可撤销信用证项下开立”

    (3)draft(s) drawn under this credit to be marked：“Drawn under…Bank L/C No.……Dated (issuing date of credit)” 根据本证开出得汇票须注明“凭……银行……年……月……日（按开证日期）第……号不可撤销信用证项下开立”

    (4)drafts in duplicate at sight bearing the clauses“Drawn under…L/C No.…dated…” 即期汇票一式两份，注明“根据……银行信用证……号，日期……开具”

    (5)draft(s) so drawn must be in scribed with the number and date of this L/C 开具的汇票须注上本证的号码和日期

    (6)draft(s) bearing the clause：“Drawn under documentary credit No.…(shown above) of…Bank” 汇票注明“根据……银行跟单信用证……号（如上所示）项下开立”

    ---Invoice

    1. signed commercial invoice 已签署的商业发票

    (in duplicate 一式两 in triplicate 一式三份 in quadruplicate 一式四份 in quintuplicate 一式五份 in sextuplicate 一式六份 in septuplicate 一式七份 in octuplicate 一式八份 in nonuplicate 一式九份 in decuplicate 一式十份)

    2.beneficiary's original signed commercial invoices at least in 8 copies issued in the name of the buyer indicating (showing/evidencing/specifying/declaration of) the merchandise, country of origin and any other relevant information. 以买方的名义开具、注明商品名称、原产国及其他有关资料，并经签署的受益人的商业发票正本至少一式八份

    3.Signed attested invoice combined with certificate of origin and value in 6 copies as reuired for imports into Nigeria. 以签署的，连同产地证明和货物价值的，输入尼日利亚的联合发票一式六份

    4.beneficiary must certify on the invoice…have been sent to the accountee 受益人须在发票上证明，已将……寄交开证人

    5.4% discount should be deducted from total amount of the commercial invoice 商业发票的总金额须扣除4%折扣

    6.invoice must be showed: under A/P No.… date of expiry 19th Jan. 1981 发票须表明：根据第……号购买证，满期日为1981年1月19日

    7.documents in combined form are not acceptable 不接受联合单据

    8.combined invoice is not acceptable 不接受联合发票

    Bill of Loading ---提单

    1. full set shipping (company's) clean on board bill(s) of lading marked "Freight Prepaid" to order of shipper endorsed to … Bank, notifying buyers 全套装船（公司的）洁净已装船提单应注明“运费付讫”，作为以装船人指示为抬头、背书给……银行，通知买方

    2.bills of lading made out in negotiable form 作成可议付形式的提单

    3.clean shipped on board ocean bills of lading to order and endorsed in blank marked "Freight Prepaid" notify: importer(openers,accountee) 洁净已装船的提单空白抬头并空白背书，注明“运费付讫”，通知进口人（开证人）

    4.full set of clean "on board" bills of lading/cargo receipt made out to our order/to order and endorsed in blank notify buyers M/S … Co. calling for shipment from China to Hamburg marked "Freight prepaid" / "Freight Payable at Destination" 全套洁净“已装船”提单/货运收据作成以我（行）为抬头/空白抬头，空白背书，通知买方……公司，要求货物字中国运往汉堡，注明“运费付讫”/“运费在目的港付”

    5.bills of lading issued in the name of… 提单以……为抬头

    6.bills of lading must be dated not before the date of this credit and not later than Aug. 15, 1977 提单日期不得早于本证的日期，也不得迟于1977年8月15日

    7.bill of lading marked notify: buyer,“Freight Prepaid”“Liner terms”“received for shipment” B/L not acceptable 提单注明通知买方，“运费预付”按“班轮条件”，“备运提单”不接受

    8.non-negotiable copy of bills of lading 不可议付的提单副本

    -----Certificate of Origin

    1.certificate of origin of China showing 中国产地证明书 stating 证明 evidencing 列明 specifying 说明 indicating 表明 declaration of 声明

    2.certificate of Chinese origin 中国产地证明书

    3.Certificate of origin shipment of goods of … origin prohibited 产地证，不允许装运……的产品

    4.declaration of origin 产地证明书（产地生明）

    5.certificate of origin separated 单独出具的产地证

    6.certificate of origin "form A" “格式A”产地证明书

    7.genetalised system of preference certificate of origin form "A" 普惠制格式“A”产地证明书

    -----Packing List and Weight List

    1.packing list deatiling the complete inner packing specification and contents of each package

载明每件货物之内部包装的规格和内容的装箱单

    2.packing list detailing… 详注……的装箱单

    3.packing list showing in detail… 注明……细节的装箱单

    4.weight list 重量单

    5.weight notes 磅码单（重量单）

    6.detailed weight list 明细重量单

    7.we----Other Documents

    1. full tet of forwarding agents＇ cargo receipt 全套运输行所出具之货物承运收据

    2.air way bill for goods condigned to…quoting our credit number 以……为收货人，注明本证号码的空运货单

    3.parcel post receipt 邮包收据

    4.Parcel post receipt showing parcels addressed to…a/c accountee 邮包收据注明收件人：通过……转交开证人

    5.parcel post receipt evidencing goods condigned to…and quoting our credit number 以……为收货人并注明本证号码的邮包收据

    6.certificate customs invoice on form 59A combined certificate of value and origin for developing countries 适用于发展中国家的包括价值和产地证明书的格式59A海关发票证明书

    7.pure foods certificate 纯食品证书

    8.combined certificate of value and Chinese origin 价值和中国产地联合证明书

    9.a declaration in terms of FORM 5 of New Zealand forest produce import and export and regultions 1966 or a declaration FORM the exporter to the effect that no timber has been used in the packing of the goods, either declaration may be included on certified customs invoice 依照1966年新西兰林木产品进出口法格式5条款的声明或出口人关于货物非用木器包装的实绩声明，该声明也可以在海关发票中作出证明

    10.Canadian custtoms invoice(revised form)all signed in ink showing fair market value in currency of country of export 用出口国货币标明本国市场售价，并进行笔签的加拿大海关发票（修订格式）

    11.Canadian import declaration form 111 fully signed and completed 完整签署和填写的格式111加拿大进口声明书

    ----The Stipulation for Shipping Terms

    1. loading port and destinaltion装运港与目的港

    (1)despatch/shipment from Chinese port to… 从中国港口发送/装运往……

    (2)evidencing shipment from China to…CFR by steamer in transit Saudi Arabia not later than 15th July, 1987 of the goods specified below 列明下面的货物按成本加运费价格用轮船不得迟于1987年7月15日从中国通过沙特阿拉伯装运到……

    2.date of shipment 装船期

    (1)bills of lading must be dated not later than August 15, 1987 提单日期不得迟于1987年8月15日

    (2)shipment must be effected not later than(or on)July 30,1987 货物不得迟于（或于）1987年7月30日装运

    (3)shipment latest date… 最迟装运日期：……

    (4)evidencing shipment/despatch on or before… 列明货物在…年…月…日或在该日以前装运/发送

    (5)from China port to … not later than 31st August, 1987 不迟于1987年8月31日从中国港口至……

    3.partial shipments and transhipment 分运与转运

    (1)partial shipments are (not) permitted （不）允许分运

    (2)partial shipments (are) allowed (prohibited) 准许（不准）分运

    (3)without transhipment 不允许转运 (4)transhipment at Hongkong allowed 允许在香港转船

    (5)partial shipments are permissible, transhipment is allowed except at… 允许分运，除在……外允许转运 (6)partial/prorate shipments are perimtted 允许分运/按比例装运

    (7)transhipment are permitted at any port against, through B/lading 凭联运提单允许在任何港口转运

    ------Date & Address of Expiry

    1. valid in…for negotiation until… 在……议付至……止

    2.draft(s) must be presented to the negotiating(or drawee)bank not later than… 汇票不得迟于……交议付行（受票行）

    3.expiry date for presention of documents… 交单满期日

    4.draft(s) must be negotiated not later than… 汇票要不迟于……议付

    5.this L/C is valid for negotiation in China (or your port) until 15th, July 1977 本证于1977年7月15日止在中国议付有效

    6.bills of exchange must be negotiated within 15 days from the date of bills of lading but not later than August 8, 1977 汇票须在提单日起15天内议付，但不得迟于1977年8月8日

    7.this credit remains valid in China until 23rd May, 1977(inclusive) 本证到1977年5月23日为止，包括当日在内在中国有效

    8.expiry date August 15, 1977 in country of beneficiary for negotiation 于1977年8月15日在受益人国家议付期满

    9.draft(s) drawn under this credit must be presented for negoatation in China on or before 30th August, 1977 根据本证项下开具的汇票须在1977年8月30日或该日前在中国交单议付

    10.this credit shall cease to be available for negotiation of beneficairy＇s drafts after 15th August, 1977 本证将在1977年8月15日以后停止议付受益人之汇票

    11.expiry date 15th August, 1977 in the country of the beneficiary unless otherwise 除非另有规定，（本证）于1977年8月15日受益人国家满期

    12.draft(s) drawn under this credit must be negotiation in China on or before August 12, 1977 after which date this credit expires 凭本证项下开具的汇票要在1977年8月12日或该日以前在中国议付，该日以后本证失效

    13.expiry (expiring) date… 满期日……

    14.…if negotiation on or before… 在……日或该日以前议付

    15.negoation must be on or before the 15th day of shipment 自装船日起15天或之前议付

    16.this credit shall remain in force until 15th August 197 in China 本证到1977年8月15日为止在中国有效

    17.the credit is available for negotiation or payment abroad until… 本证在国外议付或付款的日期到……为止

    18.documents to be presented to negotiation bank within 15 days after shipment 单据需在装船后15天内交给议付行

    19.documents must be presented for negotiation within…days after the on board date of bill of lading/after the date of issuance of forwarding agents＇ cargo receipts 单据需在已装船提单/运输行签发之货物承运收据日期后……天内提示议付

    -----The Guarantee of the Opening Bank

    1. we hereby engage with you that all drafts drawn under and in compliance with the terms of this credit will be duly honored 我行保证及时对所有根据本信用证开具、并与其条款相符的汇票兑付

    2.we undertake that drafts drawn and presented in conformity with the terms of this credit will be duly honoured 开具并交出的汇票，如与本证的条款相符，我行保证依时付款

    3.we hereby engage with the drawers, endorsers and bona-fide holders of draft(s) drawn under and in compliance with the terms of the credit that such draft(s) shall be duly honoured on due presentation and delivery of documents as specified (if drawn and negotiated with in the validity date of this credit) 凡根据本证开具与本证条款相符的汇票，并能按时提示和交出本证规定的单据，我行保证对出票人、背书人和善意持有人承担付款责任（须在本证有效期内开具汇票并议付）

    4.provided such drafts are drawn and presented in accordance with the terms of this credit, we hereby engage with the drawers, endorsors and bona-fide holders that the said drafts shall be duly honoured on presentation 凡根据本证的条款开具并提示汇票，我们担保对其出票人、背书人和善意持有人在交单时承兑付款

    5.we hereby undertake to honour all drafts drawn in accordance with the terms of this credit 所有按照本条款开具的汇票，我行保证兑付

    ----In Reimbursement

    1.instruction to the negotiation bank 议付行注意事项

    (1)the amount and date of negotiation of each draft must be endorsed on reverse hereof by the negotiation bank 每份汇票的议付金额和日期必须由议付行在本证背面签注

    (2)this copy of credit is for your own file, please deliver the attached original to the beneficaries 本证副本供你行存档，请将随附之正本递交给受益人

    (3)without you confirmation thereon （本证）无需你行保兑

    (4)documents must be sent by consecutive airmails 单据须分别由连续航次邮寄（注：即不要将两套或数套单据同一航次寄出）

    (5)all original documents are to be forwarded to us by air mail and duplicate documents by sea-mail 全部单据的正本须用航邮，副本用平邮寄交我行

    (6)please despatch the first set of documents including three copies of commercial invoices direct to us by registered airmail and the second set by following airmail 请将包括3份商业发票在内的第一套单据用挂号航邮经寄我行，第二套单据在下一次航邮寄出

    (7)original documents must be snet by Registered airmail, and duplicate by subsequent airmail 单据的正本须用挂号航邮寄送，副本在下一班航邮寄送

    (8)documents must by sent by successive (or succeeding) airmails 单据要由连续航邮寄送

    (9)all documents made out in English must be sent to out bank in one lot 用英文缮制的所有单据须一次寄交我行

    2.method of reimbursement 索偿办法

    (1)in reimbursement, we shall authorize your Beijing Bank of China Head Office to debit our Head Office RMB Yuan account with them, upon receipt of relative documents 偿付办法，我行收到有关单据后，将授权你北京总行借记我总行在该行开立的人民币帐户

    (2)in reimbursement draw your own sight drafts in sterling on…Bank and forward them to our London Office, accompanied by your certificate that all terms of this letter of credit have been complied with 偿付办法，由你行开出英镑即期汇票向……银行支取。在寄送汇票给我伦敦办事处时，应随附你行的证明，声明本证的全部条款已经履行

    (3)available by your draft at sight payable by us in London on the basis to sight draft on New York 凭你行开具之即期汇票向我行在伦敦的机构索回票款，票款在纽约即期兑付

    (4)in reimbursement, please claim from our RMB￥ account held with your banking department Bank of China Head Office Beijing with the amount of your negotiation 偿付办法，请在北京总行我人民币帐户中索回你行议付之款项

    (5)upon presentation of the documents to us, we shall authorize your head office backing department by airmail to debit the proceeds to our foreign business department account 一俟向我行提交单证，我行将用航邮授权你总行借记我行国外营业部帐户

    (6)after negotiation, you may reimburse yourselves by debiting our RMB￥ account with you, please forward all relative documents in one lot to us by airmail 议付后请借记我行在你行开立的人民币帐户，并将全部有关单据用航邮一次寄给我行

    (7)all bank charges outside U.K. are for our principals account, but must claimed at the time of presentation of documents 在英国境外发生的所有银行费用，应由开证人负担，但须在提交单据是索取

    (8)negotiating bank may claim reimbursement by T.T. on the…bank certifying that the credit terms have been complied with 议付行须证明本证条款已旅行，并按电汇条款向……银行索回货款

    (9)negotiating bank are authorized to reimburse themselves to amount of theirnegotiation by redrawing by airmail at sight on…bank attaching to the reimbursement draft their certificate stating that all terms of the credit have been complied with and that the original and duplicate drafts and documents have been forwarded to us by consecutive airmail 议付行用航邮向……银行重开一份即期汇票索取议付条款。索偿汇票须附上证明，声明本证所有条款已履行，单据的正副本已由连续航次寄交我行。

·  Packing List and Weight List

    1.packing list deatiling the complete inner packing specification and contents of each package
载明每件货物之内部包装的规格和内容的装箱单

    2.packing list detailing… 详注……的装箱单

    3.packing list showing in detail… 注明……细节的装箱单

    4.weight list 重量单

    5.weight notes 磅码单（重量单）

    6.detailed weight list 明细重量单

    7.we----Other Documents

    1. full tet of forwarding agents＇ cargo receipt 全套运输行所出具之货物承运收据

    2.air way bill for goods condigned to…quoting our credit number 以……为收货人，注明本证号码的空运货单

    3.parcel post receipt 邮包收据

    4.Parcel post receipt showing parcels addressed to…a/c accountee 邮包收据注明收件人：通过……转交开证人

    5.parcel post receipt evidencing goods condigned to…and quoting our credit number 以……为收货人并注明本证号码的邮包收据

    6.certificate customs invoice on form 59A combined certificate of value and origin for developing countries 适用于发展中国家的包括价值和产地证明书的格式59A海关发票证明书

    7.pure foods certificate 纯食品证书

    8.combined certificate of value and Chinese origin 价值和中国产地联合证明书

    9.a declaration in terms of FORM 5 of New Zealand forest produce import and export and regultions 1966 or a declaration FORM the exporter to the effect that no timber has been used in the packing of the goods, either declaration may be included on certified customs invoice 依照1966年新西兰林木产品进出口法格式5条款的声明或出口人关于货物非用木器包装的实绩声明，该声明也可以在海关发票中作出证明

    10.Canadian custtoms invoice(revised form)all signed in ink showing fair market value in currency of country of export 用出口国货币标明本国市场售价，并进行笔签的加拿大海关发票（修订格式）

    11.Canadian import declaration form 111 fully signed and completed 完整签署和填写的格式111加拿大进口声明书
    ----The Stipulation for Shipping Terms

    1. loading port and destinaltion装运港与目的港

    (1)despatch/shipment from Chinese port to… 从中国港口发送/装运往……

    (2)evidencing shipment from China to…CFR by steamer in transit Saudi Arabia not later than 15th July, 1987 of the goods specified below 列明下面的货物按成本加运费价格用轮船不得迟于1987年7月15日从中国通过沙特阿拉伯装运到……

    2.date of shipment 装船期

    (1)bills of lading must be dated not later than August 15, 1987 提单日期不得迟于1987年8月15日

    (2)shipment must be effected not later than(or on)July 30,1987 货物不得迟于（或于）1987年7月30日装运

    (3)shipment latest date… 最迟装运日期：……

    (4)evidencing shipment/despatch on or before… 列明货物在…年…月…日或在该日以前装运/发送

    (5)from China port to … not later than 31st August, 1987 不迟于1987年8月31日从中国港口至……

    3.partial shipments and transhipment 分运与转运

    (1)partial shipments are (not) permitted （不）允许分运

    (2)partial shipments (are) allowed (prohibited) 准许（不准）分运

    (3)without transhipment 不允许转运 (4)transhipment at Hongkong allowed 允许在香港转船

    (5)partial shipments are permissible, transhipment is allowed except at… 允许分运，除在……外允许转运 (6)partial/prorate shipments are perimtted 允许分运/按比例装运

    (7)transhipment are permitted at any port against, through B/lading 凭联运提单允许在任何港口转运
Date & Address of Expiry
    1. valid in…for negotiation until… 在……议付至……止

    2.draft(s) must be presented to the negotiating(or drawee)bank not later than… 汇票不得迟于……交议付行（受票行）

    3.expiry date for presention of documents… 交单满期日

    4.draft(s) must be negotiated not later than… 汇票要不迟于……议付

    5.this L/C is valid for negotiation in China (or your port) until 15th, July 1977 本证于1977年7月15日止在中国议付有效

    6.bills of exchange must be negotiated within 15 days from the date of bills of lading but not later than August 8, 1977 汇票须在提单日起15天内议付，但不得迟于1977年8月8日

    7.this credit remains valid in China until 23rd May, 1977(inclusive) 本证到1977年5月23日为止，包括当日在内在中国有效

    8.expiry date August 15, 1977 in country of beneficiary for negotiation 于1977年8月15日在受益人国家议付期满

    9.draft(s) drawn under this credit must be presented for negoatation in China on or before 30th August, 1977 根据本证项下开具的汇票须在1977年8月30日或该日前在中国交单议付

    10.this credit shall cease to be available for negotiation of beneficairy＇s drafts after 15th August, 1977 本证将在1977年8月15日以后停止议付受益人之汇票

    11.expiry date 15th August, 1977 in the country of the beneficiary unless otherwise 除非另有规定，（本证）于1977年8月15日受益人国家满期

    12.draft(s) drawn under this credit must be negotiation in China on or before August 12, 1977 after which date this credit expires 凭本证项下开具的汇票要在1977年8月12日或该日以前在中国议付，该日以后本证失效

    13.expiry (expiring) date… 满期日……

    14.…if negotiation on or before… 在……日或该日以前议付

    15.negoation must be on or before the 15th day of shipment 自装船日起15天或之前议付

    16.this credit shall remain in force until 15th August 197 in China 本证到1977年8月15日为止在中国有效

    17.the credit is available for negotiation or payment abroad until… 本证在国外议付或付款的日期到……为止

    18.documents to be presented to negotiation bank within 15 days after shipment 单据需在装船后15天内交给议付行

    19.documents must be presented for negotiation within…days after the on board date of bill of lading/after the date of issuance of forwarding agents＇ cargo receipts 单据需在已装船提单/运输行签发之货物承运收据日期后……天内提示议付

    The Guarantee of the Opening Bank

    1. we hereby engage with you that all drafts drawn under and in compliance with the terms of this credit will be duly honored 我行保证及时对所有根据本信用证开具、并与其条款相符的汇票兑付

    2.we undertake that drafts drawn and presented in conformity with the terms of this credit will be duly honoured 开具并交出的汇票，如与本证的条款相符，我行保证依时付款

    3.we hereby engage with the drawers, endorsers and bona-fide holders of draft(s) drawn under and in compliance with the terms of the credit that such draft(s) shall be duly honoured on due presentation and delivery of documents as specified (if drawn and negotiated with in the validity date of this credit) 凡根据本证开具与本证条款相符的汇票，并能按时提示和交出本证规定的单据，我行保证对出票人、背书人和善意持有人承担付款责任（须在本证有效期内开具汇票并议付）

    4.provided such drafts are drawn and presented in accordance with the terms of this credit, we hereby engage with the drawers, endorsors and bona-fide holders that the said drafts shall be duly honoured on presentation 凡根据本证的条款开具并提示汇票，我们担保对其出票人、背书人和善意持有人在交单时承兑付款

    5.we hereby undertake to honour all drafts drawn in accordance with the terms of this credit 所有按照本条款开具的汇票，我行保证兑付

In Reimbursement

    1.instruction to the negotiation bank 议付行注意事项

    (1)the amount and date of negotiation of each draft must be endorsed on reverse hereof by the negotiation bank 每份汇票的议付金额和日期必须由议付行在本证背面签注

    (2)this copy of credit is for your own file, please deliver the attached original to the beneficaries 本证副本供你行存档，请将随附之正本递交给受益人

    (3)without you confirmation thereon （本证）无需你行保兑

    (4)documents must be sent by consecutive airmails 单据须分别由连续航次邮寄（注：即不要将两套或数套单据同一航次寄出）

    (5)all original documents are to be forwarded to us by air mail and duplicate documents by sea-mail 全部单据的正本须用航邮，副本用平邮寄交我行

    (6)please despatch the first set of documents including three copies of commercial invoices direct to us by registered airmail and the second set by following airmail 请将包括3份商业发票在内的第一套单据用挂号航邮经寄我行，第二套单据在下一次航邮寄出

    (7)original documents must be snet by Registered airmail, and duplicate by subsequent airmail 单据的正本须用挂号航邮寄送，副本在下一班航邮寄送

    (8)documents must by sent by successive (or succeeding) airmails 单据要由连续航邮寄送

    (9)all documents made out in English must be sent to out bank in one lot 用英文缮制的所有单据须一次寄交我行

    2.method of reimbursement 索偿办法

    (1)in reimbursement, we shall authorize your Beijing Bank of China Head Office to debit our Head Office RMB Yuan account with them, upon receipt of relative documents 偿付办法，我行收到有关单据后，将授权你北京总行借记我总行在该行开立的人民币帐户

    (2)in reimbursement draw your own sight drafts in sterling on…Bank and forward them to our London Office, accompanied by your certificate that all terms of this letter of credit have been complied with 偿付办法，由你行开出英镑即期汇票向……银行支取。在寄送汇票给我伦敦办事处时，应随附你行的证明，声明本证的全部条款已经履行

    (3)available by your draft at sight payable by us in London on the basis to sight draft on New York 凭你行开具之即期汇票向我行在伦敦的机构索回票款，票款在纽约即期兑付

    (4)in reimbursement, please claim from our RMB￥ account held with your banking department Bank of China Head Office Beijing with the amount of your negotiation 偿付办法，请在北京总行我人民币帐户中索回你行议付之款项

    (5)upon presentation of the documents to us, we shall authorize your head office backing department by airmail to debit the proceeds to our foreign business department account 一俟向我行提交单证，我行将用航邮授权你总行借记我行国外营业部帐户

    (6)after negotiation, you may reimburse yourselves by debiting our RMB￥ account with you, please forward all relative documents in one lot to us by airmail 议付后请借记我行在你行开立的人民币帐户，并将全部有关单据用航邮一次寄给我行

    (7)all bank charges outside U.K. are for our principals account, but must claimed at the time of presentation of documents 在英国境外发生的所有银行费用，应由开证人负担，但须在提交单据是索取

    (8)negotiating bank may claim reimbursement by T.T. on the…bank certifying that the credit terms have been complied with 议付行须证明本证条款已旅行，并按电汇条款向……银行索回货款

    (9)negotiating bank are authorized to reimburse themselves to amount of their negotiation by redrawing by airmail at sight on…bank attaching to the reimbursement draft their certificate stating that all terms of the credit have been complied with and that the original and duplicate drafts and documents have been forwarded to us by consecutive airmail 议付行用航邮向……银行重开一份即期汇票索取议付条款。索偿汇票须附上证明，声明本证所有条款已履行，单据的正副本已由连续航次寄交我行

·   Letter of Credit (L/C) 信用证

    form of credit 信用证形式

    Terms of validity 信用证效期

    Expiry Date 效期

    Date of issue 开证日期

    L/C amount 信用证金额

    L/C number 信用证号码

    to open by airmail 信开

    to open by cable 电开

    to open by brief cable 简电开证

    to amend L/C 修改信用证

    fixed L/C or fixed amount L/C 有固定金额的信用证

    Sight L/C 即期信用证

    Usance L/C 远期信用证

    Buyer's Usance L/C 买方远期信用证

    Traveler's L/C 旅行信用证

    Revocable L/C 可撤消的信用证

    Irrevocable L/C 不可撤消的信用证

    Confirmed L/C 保兑的信用证

    Unconfirmed L/C 不 保兑的信用证

    Confirmed Irrevocable L/C 保兑的不可撤消信用证

    Irrevocable Unconfirmed L/C 不可撤消不保兑的信用证

    Transferable L/C 可转让信用证

    Untransferable L/C 不可转让信用证

    Revolving L/C 循环信用证

    Reciprocal L/C 对开信用证

    Back to Back L/C 背对背信用证

    Countervailing credit （俗称）子证

    Overriding credit 母证

    Banker's Acceptance L/C 银行承兑信用证

    Trade Acceptance L/C 商业承兑信用证

    Red Clause L/C 红条款信用证

    Anticipatory L/C 预支信用证

    Credit payable by a trader 商业付款信用证

    Credit payable by a bank 银行付款信用证

    usance credit payment at sight 假远期信用证

    Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits 跟单信用证统一惯例

    I.C.C. Publication No.400 第400号出版物

    Credit with T/T Reimbursement Clause 带有电报索汇条款的信用证

    method of reimbursement 索汇方法

    without recourse 不受追索

    Opening Bank' Name & Signature 开证行名称及签字

    beneficiary 受益人

    guarantor 保证人

    Exporter's Bank 出口方银行

    Importer's Bank 进口方银行

    Seller's Bank 卖方银行

    Buyer's Bank 买方银行

    Paying Bank 付款行，汇入行

    Remitting Bank 汇出行

    Opening Bank 开证行

    Issuing Bank 开证行

    Advising Bank 通知行

    Notifying Bank 通知行

    Negotiating Bank 议付行

    Drawee Bank 付款行

    Confirming Bank 保兑行

    Presenting Bank 提示行

    Transmitting Bank 转递行

    Accepting Bank 承兑行

    Additional Words and Phrases

    pay bearer 付给某人

    bearer 来人

    payer 付款人

    consignee 受托人

    consignor 委托人

    drawer 出票人

    principal 委托人

    drawee 付款人

    consingnee 受托人

    truster 信托人

    acceptor 承兑人

    trustee 被信托人

    endorser 背书人

    discount 贴现

    endorsee 被背书人

    endorse 背书

    holder 持票人

    endorsement 背书

    bailee 受托人，代保管人

    payment against documents 凭单付款

    payment against documents through collection 凭单托收付款

    payment by acceptance 承兑付款

    payment by bill 凭汇票付款

    Letter of Guarantee (L/G) 保证书

    Bank Guarantee 银行保函

    Contract Guarantee 合约保函

    Payment Guarantee 付款保证书

    Repayment Guarantee 还款保证书

    Import Guarantee 进口保证书

    Tender/Bid Guarantee 投标保证书

    Performance Guarantee 履约保证书

    Retention Money Guarantee 保留金保证书

    Documents of title to the goods 物权凭证

    Authority to Purchase (A/P) 委托购买证

    Letter of Indication 印鉴核对卡

    Letter of Hypothecation 质押书

    General Letter of Hypothecation 总质押书